Plant essential oils xingfuhuli are aromatic liquids extracted from the specialized cells or glands of certain plants that contain specific therapeutic and energetic properties. These volatile liquids are highly concentrated molecular substances and very complex. They are complex and unique and have different energetic characteristics depending on the plant species from which they originate1.
EOs are volatile, odorous molecules with multiple biological activities including antimicrobial, inflammatory and insecticidal properties. They are produced in the specialized oleaginous cells (essential oil glands) of many plants as secondary metabolites to protect them from predators and parasites, repel insects and attract pollinators. Biological activities of EO against various plant pathogenic fungi, oomycetes and bacteria have been reported in the literature but their applications for crop protection remain underdeveloped2.
The composition of EOs is very diverse as they may contain aliphatic, aromatic or terpenic compounds. Mono- and sesquiterpenes predominate, although they may also contain phenols or oxygenated derivatives (aldehydes, ketones, acids), such as ethers and esters. Generally, terpenics are present in lower concentration than the aliphatic and aromatic compounds.
To produce just a few milliliters of EO, it takes a large amount of raw material. This is a main reason why EOs are so expensive. The quality of EO is also important as it determines how well they perform in the laboratory or in clinical practice. Despite the high cost, it is worth investing in the best quality EOs.
Aromatic water and EOs can be obtained by the cold-pressing process of plant parts, including leaves, flowers and roots. It is recommended that the plant part used for production should be fresh, free of pesticides and chemicals and have good morphological properties. It should also be stored in a hermetic and resistant glass container at a temperature below 25 degrees Celsius.
It is recommended that the EO be used within 2 weeks after production. Beyond this time they lose their efficacy due to oxidation and chemical changes in the organic compounds that make up the EO. The oxidation rate depends on the light intensity and duration, resulting in a decline of odor and therapeutic properties.
The life expectancy of EO also depends on the way in which they are manufactured and conserved. For example, a citrus oil has a shorter shelf life than a patchouli or sandalwood EO due to the presence of unstable components such as waxes and fatty acids. A reputable manufacturer will ensure that the products have been kept under ideal conditions and are packaged in suitable containers.
Botanical oils differ from essential oils as they are obtained from the fatty parts of the plant and not from the roots, bark, leaves and flowers like the essential oils. The biosynthesis of odorous substances in the leaves of the plant is interrupted when flowering begins and the compounds move to the reproductive organs or accumulate in fruits and seeds. Botanical oils have a wide range of uses because they are stable and have a longer shelf life than essential oils1.
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